可水的核心外聚合物网络用于通过阳光供电收集大气中的水
Debasis Maity1, Ana Palma Teixeira1, Martin Fussenegger1,2
1Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland.
Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 31, 2023
概括
这项研究提出了一种用于大气水收集 (AWH) 的新型水凝,即使在低湿度下也能够捕获大量的淡水. 太阳光激活的设备为饮用水短缺提供了一个可持续的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 饮用水短缺是一个日益严重的全球性挑战.
- 大气水收集 (AWH) 是一个潜在的解决方案.
- 现有的AWH技术往往需要高湿度或外部能量输入.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种基于水凝的新型大气水收集 (AWH) 装置.
- 在相对湿度低的情况下增强吸附水.
- 为了利用阳光实现高效的水释放.
主要方法:
- 一个核心外水凝的制造:酸盐 (Alg) 和聚氨酸 (PANI) 核心,具有热响应的聚-N-异烯胺 (PNIPAM) 外层,经过硫酸组 (SPNIPAM) 的修饰.
- 用化 (LiCl) 修改水凝以增加储水能力,产生SPNIPAM-Li-PANIAlg.
- 测试AWH设备的吸水比率,在阳光下释放水分,以及在相对湿度低 (17%) 的性能.
- 评估水凝在自然阳光驱动的吸收/脱落周期的30天内的稳定性.
主要成果:
- 与原始PNIPAM相比,SPNIPAM-Li-PANIAlg水凝显示了15倍高的水捕获比率.
- 该设备成功地在阳光下的单一日常循环中每公斤收获了6.5升水.
- 使用低于1kWm-2.2的阳光强度实现了高效的水释放.
- 在没有外部能量输入的情况下,AWH系统在相对湿度低至17%的情况下有效运行.
- 水凝在30天内表现出极好的稳定性,通过多个循环实现了超过28.3L kg-1的可持续收获.
结论:
- 开发的热反应性水凝 (SPNIPAM-Li-PANIAlg) 是用于大气水收集的高效材料.
- AWH系统提供了一种可持续和节能的方法来产生饮用水,即使在干旱的条件下.
- 这项技术在应对全球水资源短缺挑战方面具有重大前景.
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