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实习生在研究生医学教育中选择任务:有没有"桃挑选"的作用来优化学习?

Sarah Blissett^1,2, Emma Mensour¹, Jennifer M Shaw¹

¹Centre for Education Research and Innovation (CERI), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

Medical education

|August 1, 2023

概括

研究生实习生优化学习,选择临床任务在他们的近距离发育区 (ZPD),当他们有足够的精神努力和适当的工作场所支持. 这种理解可以指导在临床环境中最大限度地学习的策略.

科学领域:

医学教育医学教育
认知心理学在学习中的学习
获得临床技能获得临床技能

背景情况:

对于研究生实习生来说,有效的学习取决于他们在近距离发育区 (ZPD) 内的临床任务.
工作场所的学习环境往往提出相互竞争的需求,包括非学习目标和任务,这可能会使学员从最佳的学习体验中转移.
更深入地了解学员如何选择临床任务对于制定有针对性的策略以提高学习成果至关重要.

研究的目的:

探索研究生实习生在工作场所学习环境中选择临床任务时使用的决策过程.
确定影响学员任务选择的目标和因素,特别是使用心声回声学解释作为模型.
为培养培训人员选择最大限度地提高其学习潜力的任务而制定战略提供信息.

主要方法:

与加拿大通用心脏病学住院医生和心声学研究员进行了半结构面试.
两个独立的研究人员采用了演性的,有针对性的内容分析方法来确定代码和主题.
该研究涉及来自加拿大七所大学的11名实习生,代表了各种研究生年和奖学金水平.

主要成果:

实习生的目标包括学习新内容,满足评估标准和解决临床需求,目标在一天内发生转换.
任务选择受精神努力的可用性影响:当努力充足时,选择更复杂的学习任务,而当努力较低时,选择更简单的任务以满足评估或临床需求.
对心声回声图的感知复杂性是学员用来选择与他们直接目标一致的任务的主要因素.

结论:

研究生实习生在他们的ZPD中成功地选择任务,当他们感知到足够的精神努力和足够的工作场所负担能力时,可以最大限度地学习.
这些发现突出了认知资源,环境因素和任务选择中的学习目标之间的相互作用.
这项研究为开发个人和系统干预提供了基础,通过研究生医学培训的战略任务选择来优化学习.

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