[拉维伦和诺贝尔生理学或医学奖]
Jean-Paul Boutin1,2,3,4
1SFMTSI Société francophone de médecine tropicale et santé internationale (ancienne SPE), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Pavillon Laveran, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France.
Medecine tropicale et sante internationale
|August 1, 2023
概括
1907年,Alphonse Laveran因他在原生动物引起疾病方面的研究而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖. 他的大量奖项捐赠资助了巴斯图尔研究所的热带疾病实验室.
科学领域:
- 科学的历史科学的历史.
- 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
- 原生动物学原生动物学.
背景情况:
- 早期的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖为奖励考虑树立了先例.
- 阿尔斯·拉维拉因因发现疟疾寄生虫而多次获得提名.
- 1907年的奖项是在诺贝尔大会授予神经科学两位获奖者的一年之后颁发的.
研究的目的:
- 让我们回想一下阿尔斯·拉维兰在1907年获得诺贝尔奖的情况.
- 分析影响拉维伦对原生动物研究工作延迟认可的因素.
- 为了记录拉维朗对巴斯图尔研究所的重大捐款.
主要方法:
- 从1901年至1908年的诺贝尔奖提名和颁奖决定的历史审查.
- 分析卡罗林斯卡研究所和诺贝尔委员会的信件和记录.
- 对帕斯图尔研究所的财务记录和董事会关于拉维兰捐款的会议记录进行了审查.
主要成果:
- 阿尔斯·拉弗兰在1907年获得诺贝尔奖,因为他发现原生动物是病原体,尽管他的发现是在1880年.
- 卡尔·阿克塞尔·汉普斯·莫纳担任诺贝尔委员会主席的角色以及围绕同时提名梅茨尼科夫和埃里希的辩论影响了1907年的决定.
- 拉弗兰捐赠了他的奖金的一半以上 (100,000法郎) 来建立巴斯图尔研究所的热带疾病实验室.
结论:
- 1907年诺贝尔奖授予Laveran强调了复杂而有时延迟的科学发现的认可.
- 拉维兰的捐款对巴斯图尔研究所热带疾病研究基础设施做出了重大贡献.
- 这项研究强调了在诺贝尔奖审议中制度因素和辩论的影响.
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