在宫和腰椎手术后的康复
Tiago P Barbosa1, Ana Rita Raposo1, Paulo Diogo Cunha1
1Hospital de Braga E.P.E., Braga, Portugal.
EFORT open reviews
|August 1, 2023
概括
建议进行手术后的脊柱康复,以改善患者的治疗结果,尽管最佳时间和标准化方案仍在研究中. 早期患者发起的炼和结构化计划显示了脊柱手术后恢复的好处.
科学领域:
- 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
- 神经外科 神经外科
- 物理医学和康复 康复
背景情况:
- 脊椎手术的发生率正在上升,很大一部分患者在手术后会出现持续的症状和功能缺陷.
- 虽然术后康复被广泛推,但对其有效性和最佳实施的有力证据有限.
- 现有研究表明,不同脊柱手术的结果各不相同,这凸显了需要量身定制的康复策略的需要.
研究的目的:
- 综合审查目前关于手术后脊柱康复的证据.
- 为优化各种脊柱手术后的康复方案提供建议.
- 确定研究中的差距,并建议标准化脊柱康复的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 对手术后脊柱康复结果的最新文献进行系统审查.
- 对椎脊椎手术,腰椎椎间盘手术和腰椎体融合的证据分析.
- 综合发现,制定临床建议.
主要成果:
- 宫脊椎手术通常会产生中等到良好的结果,建议从手术后4-6周开始进行结构化康复计划.
- 腰椎间盘手术表现出高的成功率 (78-95%在2年),鼓励早期患者主动康复.
- 腰椎体融合,特别是在老年人中,具有显著的持续症状比例;建议从手术开始进行认知行为物理治疗,并在2-3个月后进行正式康复.
结论:
- 手术后康复为经历脊柱手术的患者提供了好处,有助于改善康复.
- 进一步的研究对于建立标准化康复方法和确定干预的最佳时间至关重要.
- 早期动员,患者教育和结构化物理治疗的结合在不同类型的脊椎手术中似乎是有益的.
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