相互竞争的现实,传染病的不确定的诊断:大规模的COVID-19自我测试和临界生物公民身份
Alan Petersen1, Kiran Pienaar2
1Sociology and Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sociology of health & illness
|August 1, 2023
概括
针对COVID-19等传染病的快速抗原测试 (RAT) 进行大规模自我测试,创造了"极端的生物公民身份". 这使得公民负有管理感染风险的责任,而没有完全的诊断确定性.
科学领域:
- 诊断的社会学 诊断的社会学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 传染病管理 传染病管理
背景情况:
- 快速抗原测试 (RAT) 越来越多地用于传染病诊断,比聚合酶连锁反应 (PCR) 测试提供速度和易用性.
- 虽然实验室研究支持RAT用于检测SARS-CoV-2,但它们在控制感染方面的实际有效性仍然不确定.
- 生物公民理论为分析公民在健康管理中的角色提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 在澳大利亚COVID-19大规模自我测试战略的背景下探索生物公民的概念.
- 分析通过实施基于RAT的自我测试促进的生物公民身份类型.
- 调查这一策略对诊断社会学的影响.
主要方法:
- 应用安妮玛丽·莫尔的本体政治概念.
- 在关键实施阶段分析政府声明,科学文章和新闻媒体.
- 对政策文件和围绕RAT部署的公共话语进行定性分析.
主要成果:
- 这项研究确定了"临界生物公民身份"的出现.
- 公民负责自我管理感染风险.
- 这种自我管理发生在没有传统测试方法提供的完全诊断确定性的情况下.
结论:
- 澳大利亚的RAT战略培养了一种临界生物公民的形式,将诊断责任转移到个人身上.
- 大规模自我测试的固有不确定性强化了公民的临界地位.
- 这对了解诊断实践如何塑造公民在公共卫生中的角色具有重要意义.
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