揭示隐藏在中国能源转型中的区域间环境不平等
Qiong Zhao1, Jing Zhao2,3, Wei Zhang2,3
1College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Environmental science & technology
|August 1, 2023
概括
在中国升级小型燃煤炉 (SCB) 造成地区不平等. 发达城市获得的健康益处不成比例地超过了其所承受的成本,与邻近的省份不同.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境政策 环境政策
背景情况:
- 能源转型对于控制空气污染至关重要,但可以加剧区域经济差异.
- 小型燃煤炉 (SCB) 是空气污染的重要来源,它们的升级是一个复杂的成本效益挑战.
- 了解成本和收益的空间分布是公平环境政策的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查北中国平原 (NCP) 中小型燃煤炉 (SCB) 升级成本与健康益处之间的区域不匹配情况.
- 量化与SCB升级相关的经济成本和健康益处的空间贡献.
- 评估SCB升级政策在区域经济差异方面对股权的影响.
主要方法:
- 在NCP (2013-2017年) 中建立SCB升级的炉级库存.
- 开发一个综合建模框架,以评估经济成本和健康益处.
- 在发达市政区和邻近省份的利益成本比率的空间分析.
主要成果:
- 虽然总体的健康福利抵消了地区的总体升级成本,但发达的城市 (北京,天津) 获得了不成比例的收益.
- 发达的市政当局在自己的边界内获得21%的福利,其中56%来自邻近的省份.
- 与邻近省份 (1.5:1) 相比,发达城市 (5.6:1) 的收益成本比率明显高.
结论:
- 央行升级政策可能会导致区域不平等,发达地区更受益于较不发达地区的投资.
- 调查结果强调需要公平的环境政策,考虑成本和收益的空间分布.
- 该研究为在面临煤炭相关空气污染的地区设计公平能源转型战略提供了见解.
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