在国家健康访谈调查 (2006-2018) 中,与艾滋病毒检测相关的因素
Armaan Jamal1,2, Malathi Srinivasan3,4, Gloria Kim3,5
1Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. ajamal6@stanford.edu.
Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities
|August 1, 2023
概括
艾滋病毒检测率因种族/种族而异,黑人和西班牙裔人比白人更容易接受检测. 了解这些差异是改善所有人群HIV查的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 建议对13-64岁的个人进行终身艾滋病毒检测.
- 艾滋病毒查的流行率在美国的种族和民族群体之间分布不成比例.
- 解决这些差异对于有效的艾滋病毒预防和护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查美国不同种族/族裔人口中艾滋病毒检测的流行率.
- 确定与艾滋病毒检测相关的人口,社会经济和健康相关因素.
- 为提高艾滋病毒检测率和减少健康差距的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 分析2006-2018年国家健康访谈调查数据.
- 包括超过30万个白人,黑人,西班牙裔和亚洲种族/种族群体的个人.
- 后勤回归建模用于确定艾滋病毒检测的几率比率 (OR) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 艾滋病毒检测的流行率约为白人36%,黑人61%,西班牙裔47%,亚裔36%.
- 与白人相比,黑人 (OR=2.44) 和西班牙裔 (OR=1.28) 个体的测试几率更高.
- 亚洲人 (OR=0.74) 的测试几率较低;男性,已婚人,年轻/年长的成年人,教育/收入较低,自我报告的健康状况更好,没有医疗访问的人也不太可能进行测试.
结论:
- 在美国,终身艾滋病毒检测存在显著的种族/民族差异.
- 社会经济和人口因素影响艾滋病毒检测的可能性.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来提高服务不足人群中的艾滋病毒查率,并减少健康不平等.
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