多种癌症从多种MAPK路径抑制剂中逃脱出来,并使用DNA复制应激信号来容忍异常细胞周期
Timothy E Hoffman1, Varuna Nangia1,2, C Ryland Ill1
1Department of Biochemistry and Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
Science signaling
|August 1, 2023
概括
许多MAPK路径突变癌症通过恢复增殖来适应BRAF抑制剂. DNA修复途径有助于这些"逃生"细胞存活,这表明长期治疗癌症的新治疗点.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 许多癌症在基因激活蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 途径中具有突变,驱动瘤生长.
- MAPK通路抑制剂是经过临床批准的治疗方法,但癌细胞可以产生抗药性.
- 癌细胞可以通过非遗传机制适应药物治疗,恢复增殖.
研究的目的:
- 研究MAPK路径突变癌症中药物耐药性的常见机制.
- 确定参与癌细胞适应MAPK抑制剂的细胞通路.
- 探索克服耐药性和实现持久反应的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 利用EGFR,KRAS或BRAF突变的各种癌症细胞系的2D和3D细胞培养模型.
- 用临床批准的MAPK通路抑制剂来评估细胞反应.
- 分析了DNA复制,DNA损伤,压力反应 (ATR激酶) 和DNA修复途径 (Fanconi贫血).
- 检查患者的瘤样本和临床数据,以将发现与疾病进展相关联.
主要成果:
- 一部分癌细胞逃脱了药物诱导的静止状态,并在4天内恢复了增殖.
- 这些"逃生"细胞显示了DNA复制缺陷和累积的DNA病变,激活了ATR激酶依赖的应激反应.
- 芬科尼贫血DNA修复途径的组成部分被招募到逃生细胞中的线粒体DNA合成 (MiDAS) 部位.
- 增加的DNA复制应激反应因子与患者数据中的疾病进展相关.
结论:
- 发生MAPK路径突变的癌症通常会对MAPK抑制剂进行快速的非遗传适应.
- 芬科尼贫血DNA修复途径在使适应药物癌细胞的增殖起着至关重要的作用.
- 针对早期的应激耐受性途径可能会提高MAPK抑制剂的疗效,使癌症治疗更持久.
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