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基于自然的解决方案可以帮助减少自然灾害的影响:NBS案例研究的全球分析
Sisay E Debele1, Laura S Leo2, Prashant Kumar3
1Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
The Science of the total environment
|August 1, 2023
概括
基于自然的解决方案 (NBS) 有效地减少灾害风险和气候变化影响, 547个案例研究表明. 欧洲主导着NBS的研究,大多数解决方案都侧重于当地环境和社会经济效益.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 基于自然的解决方案 (NBS) 越来越多地被认为具有应对环境和社会挑战的潜力.
- 对现有的NBS实践的全面了解对于其更广泛的实施和升级至关重要.
- 案例研究为NBS干预措施的成功和挑战提供了宝贵的见解.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合来自547个基于自然的解决方案 (NBS) 的全球案例研究的知识.
- 提供NBS实践的概述,它们在减少灾害风险和适应气候变化方面的应用,以及它们的相关副效益.
- 识别知识差距,并为科学家,政策制定者和从业人员提供信息,以更好地做出决策.
主要方法:
- 547个已发表的关于基于自然的解决方案 (NBS) 的案例研究的系统审查.
- 基于方法 (绿色,蓝色,混合,混合),生态系统 (城市,河流/湖泊等) 的NBS分类. ) 和干预规模 (地方,流域,景观).
- 分析主要目标 (减少灾害风险,适应气候变化,生物多样性丧失,社会经济挑战) 和为NBS提供政策支持.
主要成果:
- 欧洲是NBS案例研究中占主导地位的地区 (60%),其他地区的代表性较差.
- 绿色 (33%) 和混合 (31%) 解决方案是最常见的,主要在城市和河流/湖泊生态系统中在地方和流域规模上实施.
- 国家生物系统应对自然灾害,气候变化和生物多样性丧失 (63%),具有显著的环境副效益 (64%) 和对可持续发展目标15,13和6的贡献.
结论:
- 来自NBS案例研究的知识可以推动实施和升级,但需要改进地理代表性.
- 国家储备系统在减少灾害风险,适应气候变化和增强生物多样性方面是有效的,提供了大量的环境,社会和经济共同利益.
- 这次综述的综合知识弥合了科学家,政策制定者和实践者之间的差距,促进了NBS在决策过程中的采用.
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