增加卫生保健工作者免疫接种的干预措施:系统性审查
Jane Tuckerman1, Kathryn Riley2, Sebastian Straube3
1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Vaccine
|August 1, 2023
概括
提高卫生保健工作者 (HCW) 免疫的有效策略包括政策干预和量身定制的教育计划. 然而,很少有可靠的研究存在,这凸显了对HCW中疫苗接种情况的更多研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 卫生保健工作者 (HCW) 免疫接种对于预防临床环境中的疾病传播至关重要.
- 在许多地区,HCW中推疫苗的摄入量仍然低于最佳水平.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估旨在增加HCW中免疫接种率的干预措施的有效性.
- 确定成功的策略,以提高这一群体的疫苗接种率.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验 (RCT),集群RCT,受控前后 (CBA) 研究和中断时间序列 (ITS) 研究的系统审查.
- 在预先定义的战略下,到2022年3月进行搜索.
- 描述性分析和合适时的元分析;偏差风险和证据质量 (GRADE) 评估.
主要成果:
- 确定了3个RCT,6个集群RCT和4个ITS研究,涉及多种干预措施,通常包括教育部分.
- 潜在的有效策略包括政策干预,有针对性/多组件策略,定制管理计划,医生带领的教育与冠军,以及个人决策分析.
- 有限研究限制合成;没有研究评估了立法或独立的激励措施/访问改进. 大多数研究都不清楚或有偏差的高风险.
结论:
- 很少有高质量的研究评估了促进HCW疫苗接种的干预措施.
- 干预措施的多样性和报告不足,限制了可靠的评估.
- 除了流感之外,还需要对各种疫苗进行进一步的研究,重点关注已知,可比的干预措施.
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