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高分辨率的生态系统变化加快了意大利东北地区中古石器到高古石器过渡时期的千年气候变化
Federica Badino1,2, Roberta Pini3, Cesare Ravazzi3
1Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, 48121, Ravenna, Italy. federica.badino@igag.cnr.it.
Scientific reports
|August 1, 2023
概括
菲蒙湖的一份新的放射性碳日期记录揭示了过去的气候变化和生态系统变化. 它展示了尼安德特人和智人如何适应在中普莱斯托时代第3次时代 (MIS3) 期间的动态景观.
科学领域:
- 古生态学 古生态学
- 四分学科学 四分学科学
- 考古学的考古学
背景情况:
- 高分辨率的古生态记录对于理解过去的气候动态及其生态影响至关重要.
- 中世次纪3 (MIS3) 是一个气候变化很大的时期,影响了生态系统和人类的生存.
- 意大利东北部的菲蒙湖为重建与古石器时期职业相关的过去环境提供了一个独特的位置.
研究的目的:
- 重建6万至27000年前意大利东北地区的植被和生态系统变化.
- 建立一个高分辨率的古老环境记录,作为该地区古老石器遗址的参考.
- 研究气候,植被,火灾活动和人类 (尼安德特人和智人) 存在之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 菲蒙湖沉积物核心的放射性碳测年.
- 帕林学分析 (花粉) 用于确定过去的植被组成.
- 对木炭碎片和沉积物石质学的分析,以重建火灾历史和环境条件.
- 与现代类似物进行比较,以解释过去的生态系统结构.
主要成果:
- 记录详细说明了植物从尼安德特人存在期间的混合森林转移到与Homo sapiens的到来相吻合的扩大草原和草原环境.
- 干草地类型在42,000至39,000年前达到顶峰,这一间隔支持了大型食草动物群.
- 在39,000-27,000年前的景观包括草原,沙漠草原和开放的干燥北极森林,受到MIS 3气候周期和火灾活动增加的影响.
结论:
- 尼安德特人和智人都居住在动态的景观中,其特点是马赛克式的植被和易受火灾的生态系统.
- 这项研究为了解南欧MIS3期间人类的行为和适应策略提供了一个关键的古老环境框架.
- 在MIS 3期间的气候变化显著调节了区域生态系统,影响了人类种群的资源可用性.
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