机体遗传的进化以一种令人惊的方式促进了物种的共存
1Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
The Journal of animal ecology
|August 2, 2023
概括
在本体遗传的利基转移的进化变化有助于竞争鱼类的共同存在. 较弱的竞争对手通过扩大其饮食来适应其增长,而较强的竞争对手则缩小了其饮食.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 动物在整个发育过程中经常改变它们的营养 (本质),影响着种群动态和物种相互作用.
- 共存理论表明,本体基因的利基差异可以促进物种的共存,但经验证据和进化的作用是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 调查当代进化在塑造本体遗传利基转移中的作用及其对竞争鱼类共同生存的贡献.
- 在不同的竞争压力下测试共存理论关于本体遗传利基差异的预测.
主要方法:
- 实地研究比较两种竞争鱼类 (鱼和鱼) 在不同竞争强度的溪流中.
- 对体型和竞争环境的关系中,在体型和竞争环境的关系中,在整个本体发生过程中进行了热带利基的分析.
主要成果:
- 较弱的竞争对手 (鱼) 在高竞争的流中表现出更大的本体遗传利基转移 (在更高的热量水平上食).
- 在激烈的竞争下,更强大的竞争对手 (guppies) 进化出了一个更紧缩的本体基因 (在所有大小的较低的食量水平上食).
- 与直觉相反,较弱的竞争对手在不同的竞争环境中对其利基转移没有表现出强有力的选择.
结论:
- 存在基因的当代进化很可能促进了竞争鱼类的共存.
- 物种对竞争的反应涉及它们在本体遗传的广度上明显的进化调整.
- 从食物网的角度来看,对于理解生态进化的动态和物种的共存至关重要,这突显了研究本体基因小众转变的进化生态的重要性.
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