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亨尼帕病毒 zoonosis:疫情,动物宿主和潜在的新出现
Hongzhao Li1, Ji-Young V Kim1, Bradley S Pickering1,2,3
1National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Frontiers in microbiology
|August 2, 2023
概括
亨德拉病毒 (HeV) 和尼帕病毒 (NiV) 是危险的动物传播疾病. 本综述考察了海尼帕病毒疫情,重点关注畜牧业.
科学领域:
- 动物传播疾病 动物传播疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病的爆发 传染病的爆发
背景情况:
- 亨德拉病毒 (HeV) 和尼帕病毒 (NiV) 是高优先级,致命的动物性病原体,导致严重的神经和呼吸系统疾病.
- 果蝙蝠是天然的储存库,但传染给人类往往涉及中间动物宿主,放大了风险.
- 疫情在全球范围内发生,在澳大利亚,马来西亚,新加坡,孟加拉国和印度对人类产生了重大影响.
研究的目的:
- 提供最新的赫尼帕病毒流行病学综述,包括过去和当前的疫情.
- 强调牲畜作为尼帕病毒传播中的潜在中间宿主所扮演的角色.
- 总结新出现的状病毒,它们的宿主,并确定知识差距.
主要方法:
- 关于尼病毒爆发和流行病学的已发表研究的文献综述.
- 分析传播途径,包括蝙蝠对人类和人类对人类的传播.
- 综合有关已知的和潜在的中间宿主,特别是牲畜的信息.
主要成果:
- 澳大利亚的肝炎病毒爆发涉及马作为中间宿主.
- 马来西亚/新加坡的NiV-M疫情涉及猪作为中间宿主.
- 孟加拉国和印度的NiV-B爆发表明复杂的传播,包括人与人之间的传播和不清楚的初始溢出事件,目前正在研究畜牧业的作用.
结论:
- 了解海尼帕病毒的传播,特别是牲畜的作用,对于预防未来的疫情至关重要.
- 对新出现的麻疹病毒及其宿主进行持续的监测和研究至关重要.
- 解决溢出事件和中间宿主动态的知识差距对于公共卫生准备至关重要.
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