[注意力缺陷多动症儿童的身体成长和饮食特征:一个横截面研究]
Shuang Lin1, Dan-Dan Wu1, Shu-Jin Chen1
1Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
概括
患有注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 的儿童患肥胖率较高,更倾向于吃零食/快餐. 这些饮食习惯部分调解了ADHD症状与体脂肪增加之间的联系.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 是儿童中普遍存在的一种神经发育障碍.
- 了解ADHD,身体成长和饮食模式之间的相互作用对于全面管理至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,ADHD和代谢健康之间存在潜在联系,但特定的饮食模式及其调解作用需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 研究被诊断患有多动症的儿童的身体成长和饮食特征.
- 分析核心ADHD症状,特定的饮食模式和身体成长参数之间的关系.
- 阐明饮食模式在ADHD症状与身体成长之间的关联中扮演的调解角色.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及268名新诊断ADHD的儿童和102名健康对照者的病例对照研究.
- 通过使用食物频率问卷进行了身体评估和饮食调查.
- 统计分析包括因子分析,斯皮尔曼相关性和调解分析,根据DSM-5标准诊断ADHD.
主要成果:
- 与对照组 (21.6%) 相比,患有ADHD的儿童的超重/肥胖率显著更高 (35.8%).
- 确定了三种不同的饮食模式:素食,传统和零食/快餐.
- 在ADHD组中,零食/快餐模式得分明显高于ADHD组,与ADHD症状严重程度和身体脂肪百分比有积极的相关性.
结论:
- 与非ADHD同龄人相比,患有ADHD的儿童超重和肥胖的患病率更高.
- 核心ADHD症状与特定的饮食模式和身体成长指标有显著联系.
- 零食和快餐的消费部分介于ADHD症状严重程度和儿童体脂肪增加之间的关系.
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