在工作中做出额外的努力:工作条件和自由裁量工作努力之间的关系
Wei-Hsin Yu1, Janet Chen-Lan Kuo2
1Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 2, 2023
概括
工作条件显著影响员工的努力. 团队合作促进了所有性别的自由裁量权,而全职工作和产假等因素影响女性,职业背景对少数群体的影响也不同.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 组织行为 组织行为
背景情况:
- 收入不平等与工作努力有关,但对影响额外工作努力的因素的研究是有限的.
- 了解工作条件如何塑造员工的动机和自由裁量权对于解决工作场所动态至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析工作时间,工作奖励和职业社会背景如何影响个人的自由裁量工作努力.
- 为了识别性别和种族差异在对工作条件的自由裁量努力的反应.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自1997年全国青年纵向调查的两波数据.
- 雇佣固定效应模型来检查自由裁量劳动力的变化.
- 研究了工作时间,工作奖励 (有形和无形) 以及社会职业背景的影响.
主要成果:
- 频繁的团队合作与男性和女性的自由裁量权积极相关.
- 随着全职工作和带薪产假的增加,女性的自由裁量权努力增加,但在男性占主导地位或对抗性职业中下降.
- 与白人相比,种族和民族少数群体对协作/竞争环境的反应不同;黑人女性的努力与白人的工作时间相比,与工作时间不太相关.
结论:
- 工作的社会方面,包括团队合作和职业背景,是工人的动机和自由裁量权的重要驱动因素.
- 性别和种族因素调节了工作条件和员工努力之间的关系.
- 调查结果突出了需要细微的方法来理解和管理在不同员工群体的劳动力.
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