量化SARS-CoV-2时间疫苗接种趋势和差异对疾病控制的影响
Sophie L Larsen1, Ikgyu Shin2, Jefrin Joseph3
1Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Science advances
|August 2, 2023
概括
为所有群体加快初步的COVID-19疫苗推广是减少疾病负担的关键,比最终的覆盖率或社会经济差距更重要. 早期,快速的分布将人口之间的死亡率和发病率降到最低.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的快速分发与对时间趋势,社会经济差异和疾病控制影响的有限理解形成鲜明对比.
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 可能会影响疫苗接种和结果,需要对覆盖不平等情况进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 分析时间接种疫苗的趋势及其与不同地理层面的社会经济不平等的关联.
- 评估不同疫苗接种模式对疾病控制的影响,考虑SES分层.
主要方法:
- 利用来自161个国家/地区和58个州的数据来研究按社会经济地位 (SES) 分层的疫苗接种率.
- 确定和描述了两个主要的疫苗接种趋势:快速的高原和缓慢的西格形推出.
- 采用SES分层机制模型,根据已识别的疫苗接种模式模拟疾病结果.
主要成果:
- 在国家和地方一级都观察到疫苗覆盖率的显著差异,与SES相关.
- 确定了两种不同的疫苗接种模式:快速的初始疫苗接种和缓慢的西格形疫苗接种.
- 最初的疫苗推出的时间对死亡率和发病率的影响比最终的覆盖率或SES差异程度更大.
结论:
- 为所有社会经济群体加快最初的疫苗接种是对疾病控制的更有影响力的干预措施,而不是仅仅专注于增加最终的覆盖率.
- 虽然解决疫苗接种的社会经济差异很重要,但优先考虑快速的初始分发可以减轻所有SES级别的疾病负担.
- 疫苗的推出时间,独立于财富或国内生产总值,显著影响公共卫生结果,突出需要迅速和公平的初始分发策略.
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