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成年人之间听觉语言工作记忆的差异,在N-back任务中吃和不吃

Zoi Gkalitsiou¹, Courtney Byrd²

¹The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, USA.

Journal of fluency disorders

|August 2, 2023

概括

与没有口吃的成年人相比,口吃的成年人 (AWS) 在苛刻的口语记忆任务中表现出更慢的反应时间和更多的误报. 这些发现突出了听觉语言工作记忆和干扰控制的差异.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
语音和听力科学语言和听力科学
认知心理学认知心理学

背景情况:

吃是一种复杂的语言障碍,影响口头沟通.
听觉语言工作记忆对于语言处理和流性至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查自语的成年人 (AWS) 和不自语的成年人 (AWNS) 之间的听觉语言工作记忆差异.
为了评估这些差异,利用一个高度要求的语言N-back任务来评估这些差异.

主要方法:

15个AWS和15个AWNS,根据人口统计数据进行匹配,完成了一个基于单词的N-back任务.
刺激包括声学上相似和不相似的单词在1,2,和3-背条件.
性能指标包括准确性,错误报警和反应时间.

主要成果:

在AWS和AWNS之间没有观察到显著的精度差异.
两组都提高了准确性和速度,N-back水平下降 (1-back > 2-back > 3-back).
与AWNS相比,AWS在2-back级别的反应时间显著较慢,错误报警的次数也比AWNS多.

结论:

听觉语言工作记忆和干扰控制在AWS和AWNS之间有所不同.
这些差异在处理语言要求很高的信息时变得明显.

关键词:

大人的成年人.干扰控制干扰控制在N-back的背部.自语自语自语自语工作记忆工作记忆

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