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基于机器学习的模型用于预测临界肺栓塞的死亡率和急性损伤
Geng Wang1, Jiatang Xu2,3, Xixia Lin4
1Department of Vascular Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China.
BMC cardiovascular disorders
|August 2, 2023
概括
机器学习模型准确地预测了急性肺栓塞 (PE) 患者的30天死亡率. 这种风险分层可以减少重症监护室的停留时间,并改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学医学信息学
- 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
- 临床预测模型的临床预测模型.
背景情况:
- 临界肺栓塞 (PE) 具有显著的死亡风险.
- 准确的预后评估对于指导治疗和资源分配至关重要.
- 现有的风险评分可能需要改进,以实现最佳的患者分层.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于临界肺栓塞 (PE) 患者的风险分层.
- 预测30天所有原因的死亡率在关键的PE.
- 将ML模型的性能与传统方法进行比较.
主要方法:
- 利用了MIMIC-IV数据库,包括1229名患有严重PE的患者.
- 应用后勤回归 (LR) 和简化的极端梯度提升 (XGBoost) 用于模型构建.
- 开发了使用前8个预测变量的简化模型,并评估了歧视和校准.
主要成果:
- 简化的XGBoost模型在验证队列中显示出优异的歧视 (AUC 0.82),相比简化的LR模型 (AUC 0.75).
- XGBoost的表现优于简化的肺栓塞严重性指数 (sPESI).
- 基于XGBoost的风险分类准确地预测了低风险的死亡率,与既定得分保持高度一致.
结论:
- 机器学习模型,特别是XGBoost,可以准确预测关键PE的30天死亡率.
- 这些模型可以帮助优化患者管理,可能减少ICU停留时间.
- 改善风险分层可能会导致临界PE患者的死亡率降低和生活质量提高.
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