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在听力,视力和双重感官损失的成年人中,潜在可预防的住院治疗:一个病例和对照研究
Samantha Ratakonda1, Paul Lin2, Neil Kamdar2
1Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA.
Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes
|August 3, 2023
概括
视力或双重感官损失的成年人面临潜在可预防住院治疗 (PPH) 的更高风险. 预防性护理的准入,特别是那些在弱势社区的人,需要改进,以减少PPHs.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
背景情况:
- 感官损失在老年人中很普遍,可能会增加医疗保健利用率.
- 潜在可预防的住院治疗 (PPHs) 对医疗保健系统构成重大负担.
- 了解感官缺陷和PPH风险之间的关系对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估老年人有感官损失 (听力,视力或双重) 的潜在可预防住院治疗 (PPHs) 的风险.
- 为了比较那些没有感官损失的人与那些没有感官损失的人的PPH风险.
主要方法:
- 使用2007-2016年医疗保险服务费索赔数据进行的回顾性病例控制研究.
- 分析包括65岁及以上的听力,视力和双感官损失的成年人.
- 对人口和社会经济因素进行控制的通用线性回归模型.
主要成果:
- 视力损失 (aOR,1.21) 和双感官损失 (aOR,1.26) 与PPH风险增加有关.
- 在调整后,听力损失显示出对PPH的保护性关联 (aOR,0.85).
- 年度健康访问将PPH风险减半 (aOR,0.54),而处境不利的社区则增加了PPH风险 (aOR,1.13).
结论:
- 视力和双感官损失的老年人患PPH的风险更大.
- 卫生政策应鼓励预防性护理,特别是对弱势地区的弱势群体.
- 需要有系统的方法来改善有感官障碍的老年人获得预防护理的机会.
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