COVID,补充,以及大脑的大脑
Sonia I Vlaicu1,2, Alexandru Tatomir1, Jacob Cuevas1
1Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Frontiers in immunology
|August 3, 2023
概括
在长期COVID中,SARS-CoV-2病毒会影响大脑,导致神经炎症和认知能力下降. 这篇评论强调了微质反应,神经发生障碍和血脑屏障损伤,这涉及COVID-19神经后续的补充路径.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- COVID-19 (由SARS-CoV-2引起) 与神经系统并发症有关,包括认知功能障碍 (长期COVID).
- 神经炎症及其对大脑功能的影响是研究的主要领域.
- 了解这些机制对于管理长期COVID症状至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查了解神经炎症在COVID-19大脑病理学中的作用的最新进展.
- 要总结SARS-CoV-2感染的神经后果.
- 探索补充路径在COVID-19相关的大脑损伤中的参与.
主要方法:
- 关于SARS-CoV-2对人类和老鼠大脑的影响现有研究的综述.
- 在COVID-19患者中分析神经成像 (MRI) 发现.
- 对死后脑组织进行检查,以检测病毒存在,免疫细胞反应和补体沉积.
主要成果:
- SARS-CoV-2 感染与微质反应性,神经发生减少,寡细胞损失和髓损伤有关.
- COVID-19患者的灰质厚度和大脑大小降低,与认知能力下降相关.
- 在COVID-19大脑中,血脑屏障泄漏,纤维素扩散和补充通路激活 (经典和替代) 的证据.
结论:
- SARS-CoV-2 直接影响大脑内皮细胞,可能导致血栓和中风.
- 神经炎症和补充系统激活 (C3b,MAC) 在COVID-19的神经后果中起着重要作用.
- 这些免疫媒介过程有助于在COVID-19患者中观察到的各种神经症状.
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