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皮肤科医生与人工智能对皮肤镜诊断的信心:可能影响决策的补充信息
Pieter Van Molle1, Sofie Mylle2,3, Tim Verbelen1
1IDLab, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University-IMEC, Ghent, Belgium.
Experimental dermatology
|August 3, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的方法来量化深度学习模型中的不确定性,用于皮肤病变的分类. 开发的随机神经网络显示了与皮肤科医生可比的诊断性能,强调了在人工智能驱动的诊断中不确定性评估的重要性.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 皮肤病学中的深度学习模型往往缺乏不确定性量化.
- 标准神经网络提供了类概率,但没有模拟预测不确定性.
- 量化不确定性对于可靠的AI辅助医学诊断至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了训练一个随机神经网络进行皮肤病变分类.
- 评估网络的诊断性能和不确定性估计.
- 将网络的表现和不确定性与皮肤科医生的评估进行比较.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种新的方法来量化随机神经网络中的不确定性.
- 训练了一个随机神经网络,用于皮肤病变的分类.
- 将该网络的诊断性能和不确定性得分与29名皮肤科医生的得分进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 神经网络实现了50%的灵敏度和88%的特异性,相当于皮肤科医生平均水平 (68%的灵敏度,73%的特异性).
- 更高的信心/更低的不确定性与网络和皮肤科医生的更好的诊断性能相关.
- 在神经网络的不确定性和皮肤科医生的信心之间没有发现显著的相关性 (R = -0.06,p = 0.77).
结论:
- 随机神经网络可以为皮肤病变的分类提供不确定性估计.
- 皮肤科医生应该对人工智能输出保持谨慎,特别是当不确定性很高时.
- 将不确定性得分集成到人工智能系统中可以在临床环境中增强人机交互.
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