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Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus
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Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus

Published on: October 3, 2014

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电荷转移复合体启用合成 (异质) 相关的m-碳酸从m-碳酸盐

Qing-Shuang Zhang1, Lin He1, Qiang Liu2

  • 1Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China.

Organic letters
|August 3, 2023
PubMed
概括

一种新方法使用光诱导的电荷转移复合体将各种烯和异烯基组连接到carboranes. 这种光还原技术在温和条件下简化了碳烯的功能化.

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

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α-Bromination of Carboxylic Acids: Hell–Volhard–Zelinski Reaction01:15

α-Bromination of Carboxylic Acids: Hell–Volhard–Zelinski Reaction

The method to achieve α-brominated carboxylic acids using a mixture of phosphorus tribromide and bromine is known as the Hell–Volhard–Zelinski reaction. The reaction is catalyzed by phosphorus tribromide, which can be used directly or produced in situ from red phosphorus and bromine. The mechanism comprises PBr3 catalyzed conversion of acid to acid bromide and hydrogen bromide. The acid bromide enolizes to its enol form in the presence of HBr. The nucleophilic enol attacks the...
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Carbocations are one of the reaction intermediates formed during several nucleophilic substitutions or elimination reactions. A carbocation is an electron-deficient species with the central carbon atom having six electrons and three bonded atoms. The central carbon in a carbocation is sp2 hybridized with trigonal planar geometry. It has an empty p orbital perpendicular to the plane of the structure that can accept electrons. Thus, carbocations act as strong electrophiles and may react with any...
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Carboxylic acids can be prepared by the carboxylation of Grignard reagents (RMgX). This method is convenient for converting alkyl (primary, secondary or tertiary), vinyl, benzyl, and aryl halides to carboxylic acids with one additional carbon than the starting RMgX.
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Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
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The electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides such as HBr to alkenes and nonconjugated dienes gives a single product as per Markovnikov’s rule.
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