自由重量和基于机器的训练对力量和缩同样有效:挑战传统的神话
Alejandro Hernández-Belmonte1, Alejandro Martínez-Cava, Ángel Buendía-Romero
1Human Performance and Sports Science Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, SPAIN.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
|August 3, 2023
概括
无论是自由重量训练还是基于机器的阻力训练都有效地建立力量和肌肉大小. 两种方法都没有显示增加关节不适的差异,这表明对整体关节健康有类似的益处.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 抵抗训练对于身体表现和健康至关重要.
- 自由重量和基于机器的训练是具有独特特征的常见模式.
- 了解它们对力量,缩和关节不适的比较影响对于运动处方很重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较自由体重与机器阻力训练的效果.
- 为了评估肌肉强度的变化,肌肉缩和关节不适.
- 确定培训模式是否影响这些结果.
主要方法:
- 38名抵抗训练的男子接受了为期8周的计划,分为自由重量或机器组.
- 使用了相同的训练变量,只在炼方式上有所不同 (杆与机器).
- 力量通过相对一次重复最大 (1RM Rel) 和平均推进速度 (MPV) 在各种负载下进行评估;通过超声波增大;并通过验证的问卷评估关节不适.
主要成果:
- 这两种训练模式都显著改善了力量 (1RM Rel,MPV Low,MPV High) 和肌肉缩 (四肢体,大胸部,直腹部).
- 在自由重量和机器组之间没有观察到强度增加或肌肉缩的显著差异.
- 两组都报告了关节硬,疼痛和功能障碍的显著减少,没有两组之间的差异.
结论:
- 自由重量和基于机器的阻力训练在力量和缩方面产生了可比的结果.
- 两种训练方式都没有导致关节不适的增加.
- 这两种方法在改善身体表现和减少关节疼痛方面都同样有效.
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