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了解在两个不同的社区中对SARS-CoV-2的废水监测的有效性

Matthew T Flood¹, Josh Sharp², Jennifer Bruggink²

¹Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America.

|August 3, 2023

概括

污水监测准确地跟踪了小社区的COVID-19,与病例数据相关联. 较大社区的相关性较低,突出显示需要分析疫苗接种情况以获得更好的公共卫生见解.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
公共卫生公共卫生
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

废水监测成为监测COVID-19 (冠状病毒疾病2019) 传播和变种的关键工具.
随着临床试验的减少,需要通过废水分析进行长期,非侵入性的社区健康监测.

研究的目的:

评估废水监测在反映社区疾病负担方面的准确性.
将废水SARS-CoV-2信号与不同规模和人口统计学社区的临床数据进行比较.

主要方法:

从2020年3月到2022年2月,密歇根州的两个社区 (25,000和110,000人口) 在废水中对SARS-CoV-2进行了监测.
关注的SARS-CoV-2变种从2020年12月至2022年2月进行了跟踪.
废水数据与邮政编码和县级COVID-19病例数据相关联.

主要成果:

较小的社区在废水病毒载量 (N1 GC/人/天) 和邮政编码级病例数据之间显示了最高的相关性 (r = 0.81),特别是按症状发病日期.
更大的社区呈现出更高的病例数量和废水病毒信号,但只有50%的疫苗接种覆盖率.
在废水和更大社区的病例之间观察到的相关性较低,尽管数据仍然对公共卫生有价值.

结论:

污水监测是跟踪传染病的宝贵工具,其准确性因社区规模和人口因素而异.
将疫苗接种情况纳入废水分析可以提高其对公共卫生决策的有用性.
持续的废水监测对于长期的社区健康监测至关重要,特别是随着临床试验的减少.

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