对度多样性梯度的解释必须引用速率变化的解释
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3AN, United Kingdom.
概括
度多样性梯度 (LDG) 显示了赤道附近的物种数量更多. 解释这一点需要了解不同区域和时间的变异物种化,灭绝和分散率.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 宏观生态学 宏观生态学
- 生物地理学 生物地理学 生物地理学
背景情况:
- 度多样性梯度 (LDG) 是宏观生态学的基本模式,描述了从极地到赤道地区的物种丰富度增加.
- 尽管已经被认可了两个多世纪,但驱动LDG的基本机制仍然是激烈辩论的主题.
- 现有的假设往往隐含地假设进化和生态过程的不同速度,而没有明确关注它们.
研究的目的:
- 认为任何对度多样性梯度的全面解释都必须包含不同种类,灭绝,灭绝和分散的速度.
- 突出了解这些速率在整个地球历史中的区域变异的必要性.
- 要强调的是,澄清利率变化对于确定LDG的最终驱动因素至关重要.
主要方法:
- 概念综合和理论论证.
- 对度多样性梯度的现有假设进行批评.
- 确定核心过程 (规范,灭绝,分散) 作为基本的解释组件.
主要成果:
- 提出物种化,灭绝,灭绝和分散的差异速率是任何有效的LDG解释的不可或缺的组成部分.
- 认为像"年龄和地区"或"多样化的时间"这样的假设假定了利率变化,而不是解释它.
- 确定了关于这些核心生态和进化速率的历史和区域变异的重大不确定性.
结论:
- 了解度多样性梯度需要关注不同地理区域和地质时间的物种化,灭绝和分散的不同速度.
- 需要进一步的研究来限制这些率的历史变化.
- 澄清速率变化将阐明驱动它们的非生物和生物因素,从而更清楚地理解LDG.
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