液体注入期间的震动信号是由故障滑动产生的
Shankho Niyogi1, Abhijit Ghosh1, Abhash Kumar2
1University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
概括
在二氧化碳注入过程中,地震震信号是由断层上的摩擦滑动产生的. 这一发现有助于监测液体注射过程中的故障活动和应力.
科学领域:
- 地质学
- 地球科学
- 地震学
背景情况:
- 在增强石油和天然气勘探的流体注入过程中观察到地震震信号 (长期,长时间).
- 这些地震信号的确切来源尚不清楚.
- 二氧化碳 (CO2) 注入是提高石油和天然气回收和碳封存的关键技术.
研究的目的:
- 在二氧化碳注射程序中观察到的地震振动信号的来源.
- 描述这些震动信号的光谱特征和来源位置.
- 了解液体注入与地震活动之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用地震阵列记录和分析地震信号.
- 进行了光谱分析以确定信号特征.
- 与二氧化碳注入地点和地质结构相关的位置震源.
- 使用模型推断震动的产生机制.
主要成果:
- 在二氧化碳注入的同时, 地震信号在地表下被检测到.
- 这些信号呈现出明显的光谱特征,与来自冰川和火山环境的信号相当.
- 在注射部位附近确定了震动源,并与先前存在的故障保持一致.
- 模拟表明发生在断层上的摩擦滑动可能是震动的原因.
结论:
- 碳二氧化物注入可以产生地震震信号,
- 这些震动提供了关于地下变形,压力和地震性的见解.
- 监测这些信号对于跟踪各种流体注入操作,包括涉及超临界CO2的故障活动是有价值的.
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