耳道的先天异常 耳道的先天异常
Daniel Morrison1, Bradley Kesser1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, University of Virginia Department of Otolaryngology, Box 800713, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
|August 3, 2023
概括
外耳道 (EAC) 的先天性异常,包括缩 (CAA) 和狭窄 (CAS),需要早期听力评估. 骨传导技术对于双边CAA儿童的听力培养至关重要,并考虑单边病例.
科学领域:
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 儿科听力学 儿科听力学
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 外耳道 (EAC) 的先天性异常被分为先天性听力缩 (CAA) 和先天性听力狭窄 (CAS).
- 这些情况可以单独发生或与面综合征相关.
- 早期诊断和管理对于最佳结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 概述外部听道先天性异常的诊断和管理策略.
- 强调早期听力评估和资格化选项的重要性.
- 突出高级成像在特定情况下的作用.
主要方法:
- 听觉脑干响应 (ABR) 测试与空气和骨传导值在围产期的两个耳朵.
- 高分辨率计算机断层扫描 (CT) 对特定病例的成像,特别是带有狭窄通道的先天性听力狭窄 (CAS).
- 对第一个分支裂异常的临床评估.
主要成果:
- 早期的听力测试对于告知父母咨询听力能力的咨询至关重要.
- 骨导技术对于患有双边先天性听力动症 (CAA) 的儿童至关重要,以促进语音和语言的发展.
- 阿特里西亚修复可能会在选定的候选人中改善听力,并建议早期CT成像用于CAS评估.
结论:
- 及时的听力学评估和适当的听力能力,包括骨导电技术,对于管理先天性外部听道异常至关重要.
- 应根据个体患者的需要考虑对CAA进行手术干预和对CAS进行高级成像.
- 为了诊断罕见的相关疾病,如第一个分支裂囊,需要高的怀疑指数.
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