由于工作场所的强制性COVID-19证书导致的病缺
Susanne Wanger1, Enzo Weber2,3
1Research Department 'Forecasts and Macroeconomic Analyses', Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Regensburger Straße 100, 90478, Nuremberg, Germany. susanne.wanger@iab.de.
BMC public health
|August 3, 2023
概括
德国对员工的强制性COVID-19测试 (3G规则) 与病假增加有关. 这表明,工作场所的COVID-19证书要求可能会导致逃避反应,影响病缺率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
背景情况:
- 许多国家在2021年实施了工作场所COVID-19状态任务 (例如,德国的3G规则).
- 人们担心员工可能会利用病假来逃避强制性COVID-19证书要求.
- 这项研究调查了对工作场所测试义务的逃避反应.
研究的目的:
- 实证分析工作场所强制性COVID-19证书对工人的病假的影响.
- 为了确定员工是否通过采取病假来避免合规而表现出逃避行为.
- 提供有关职场健康任务影响的证据.
主要方法:
- 使用从2021年9月到2022年1月的汇总数据进行实证小组分析.
- 综合医疗保险数据 (病假),流行病学数据 (COVID-19感染) 和疫苗接种率.
- 利用区域面板数据分析,控制感染率和其他因素.
主要成果:
- 疫苗接种率下降1%与3G规则实施后病缺率增加0.021%相关.
- 这种效应在各种检查中具有统计学意义和强度.
- 结果表明,有相当大的逃避反应导致了额外的病假.
结论:
- 工作场所强制性COVID-19证书似乎导致了逃避反应和增加了病假.
- 虽然旨在控制疫情,但有争议的任务需要仔细设计以减轻意想不到的后果.
- 在实施这些政策时,有效的沟通和适当的规则设计至关重要.
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