绘制社区结核病护理计划的有效性:一个系统的审查
Gabalape Arnold Sejie1,2, Ozayr H Mahomed3,4
1Discipline of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu, Natal, Durban, South Africa. sejiearnold@yahoo.com.
Systematic reviews
|August 3, 2023
概括
基于社区的结核病 (TB) 干预措施改善了患者的结果并降低了成本. 像电子监视器和卫生工作者支持这样的模型在资源有限的环境中提高了治疗成功率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是一个重大的全球卫生挑战,特别是在资源有限的地区.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 倡导对结核病患者护理采取整体方法,考虑他们的整个旅程.
- 了解基于社区的结核病实施模式对于提高护理效率和效率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和绘制现有的社区结核病实施模型.
- 评估这些模型对成本和治疗结果的有效性.
- 识别成功的策略,以改善结核病的护理在不同的环境.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (MEDLINE,EBSCO,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,世卫组织区域数据库) 和灰色文献中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括2000年至2022年间发表的研究,重点关注社区结核病实施模式;排除了基于设施或纯定性研究.
- 数据使用PRISMA指南进行了选,绘制图表并进行了定量分析,使用ROBINS-I和ROB 2进行了质量评估.
主要成果:
- 在6982项研究中,36项研究符合资格标准.
- 电子药物监测器显示改善了治疗成功率 (RR 1.0-4.33),成本效益为434.4美元.
- 社区卫生工作者直接观察治疗 (RR至3.09),家庭直接观察治疗 (RR至9.07) 和短信服务 (RR 1.0-1.45) 也对治疗成功和成本效益产生了积极影响.
结论:
- 基于社区的结核病干预措施,包括电子监视器,社区卫生工作者支持,家庭观察和短信提醒,提高患者和提供者的便利性.
- 这些模型显著降低了卫生系统的成本.
- 实施这些以社区为中心的策略可以改善结核病患者的临床结果.
相关概念视频
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
201
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
201
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
263
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
263
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
162
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
162
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
268
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
268
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
365
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
365
Community Based Intervention
65
Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
65


