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中非共和国麻疹病毒的分子特征,2012-2016年
Joël Dote1, Vianney Tricou1, Laure K Gnikpingo2
1Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic.
Journal of medical virology
|August 4, 2023
概括
麻疹在中非共和国 (CAR) 仍然是一个威胁. 基因型鉴定揭示了基因型B3是特有的,而基因型B2在2012-2016年期间缺席.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 麻疹是非洲年轻儿童疾病和死亡的重要原因,尽管可以通过疫苗预防.
- 2015年,包括中非共和国 (CAR) 在内的几个非洲国家启动了全国性麻疹消除计划.
- 麻疹在非洲仍然是一个公共卫生问题,中非共和国尤其受到影响.
研究的目的:
- 确定2012年至2016年期间在中非共和国 (CAR) 传播的麻疹病毒菌株的基因型.
- 通过分析流通的病毒株来评估麻疹消除计划的有效性.
- 为未来的公共卫生干预和中非共和国的麻疹控制战略提供数据.
主要方法:
- 回顾性研究使用来自麻疹IgM阳性病例的血液样本 (n=255) 和口腔抹布 (n=7).
- 实时聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 用于检测麻疹病毒RNA.
- 对40个从阳性样本中获得的高质量序列进行了遗传学分析.
主要成果:
- 50个样本通过RT-PCR检测出麻疹病毒阳性.
- 遗传学分析确定了38个属于B3基因型的菌株,这表明在研究期间中非共和国的特有存在.
- 没有检测到B2基因型的麻疹病毒菌株,这表明它可能从该地区消除.
结论:
- 基因型B3是2012年至2016年在中非传播的占主导地位的麻疹病毒株.
- 缺少B2基因型表明,在流通的麻疹菌株中存在潜在的转变,可能与疫苗接种工作有关.
- 持续的分子监测对于监测麻疹病毒的演变和指导中非共和国的消除策略至关重要.
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