欧洲精神健康的社区指标:一个范围审查
Petra Schoenweger1,2, Michaela Kirschneck1,2, Katharina Biersack3
1Institute of Medical Data Processing, Biometrics and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Frontiers in public health
|August 4, 2023
概括
社区指标对心理健康有重大影响. 本综述确定了关键的社会和物理环境因素,如社交网络和建筑环境特征,对于心理健康促进和预防战略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境心理学 环境心理学
- 社会精神病学是一种社会精神病学.
背景情况:
- 社区指标可以预测和影响个人的心理健康结果.
- 关于哪些社区指标对于促进和预防心理健康至关重要,缺乏共识.
- 了解这些指标对于制定有效的公共心理健康战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对欧洲人口中与心理健康相关的社区水平指标进行范围审查.
- 识别和分类来自一般和风险人群的指标.
- 在欧洲背景下,提供对影响心理健康的因素的概述.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed,Embase和PsycInfo数据库进行了全面的范围审查.
- 选择了2012年至2022年3月期间发表的研究,重点关注欧洲人口,包括心理健康结果.
- 资格标准侧重于物理或社会环境中的上下文因素.
主要成果:
- 分析了169项研究,其中94%专注于特定的欧洲国家.
- 抑郁症 (49%) 是最常见的心理健康结果,其次是一般心理健康 (33%) 和焦虑 (23%).
- 确定的主要社区指标包括社交网络 (87项研究),对弱势群体的态度 (76项研究) 和建筑环境特征 (56项研究).
结论:
- 本次审查为社区层面的心理健康指标建立了一个证据基础.
- 应定期监测物理和社会环境因素,因为它们可能对心理健康产生影响或造成混乱.
- 将这些指标纳入临床实践,数据监测和监测可以揭示公共心理健康干预的新趋势和目标.
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