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相关概念视频

Stress-Strain Diagram01:10

Stress-Strain Diagram

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A stress-strain diagram is a crucial tool that graphically displays a material's mechanical characteristics. This diagram is derived from a tensile test performed on a carefully prepared cylindrical specimen. The specimen has two gauge marks inscribed on its central part, and the distance between these marks is known as the gauge length. The cylindrical specimen is placed in a testing machine, which applies an increasing centric load. As this load grows, so does the gauge length. This...
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Measurements of Strain01:27

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Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain...
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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Factors Affecting Workability01:24

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The workability of concrete is a critical characteristic that influences the ease of mixing, handling, and finishing the concrete. It is affected by several factors including water content, aggregate properties, and admixtures like air entrainment. Water plays a fundamental role as it lubricates the concrete mix, facilitating easier movement and placement. However, the water requirement varies depending on the texture and shape of aggregates. Finer particles and angular, rough-textured...
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Problem Solving on Stress and Strain01:22

Problem Solving on Stress and Strain

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Stress is a quantity that describes the magnitude of a force that causes deformation, generally defined as internal force per unit area. When forces pull on an object and cause its elongation, like the stretching of an elastic band, it is called tensile stress. When forces cause the compression of an object, it is known as compressive stress. When an object is being squeezed uniformly from all sides, like a submarine in the depths of the ocean, we call this kind of stress bulk stress (or volume...
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Stress Concentrations01:13

Stress Concentrations

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The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
The stress...
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Tracking Microbial Contamination in Retail Environments Using Fluorescent Powder - A Retail Delicatessen Environment Example
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使用菌株指数和OCRA检查清单进行奶酪加工任务的风险评估.

John Rosecrance1, Robert Paulsen1, Lelia Murgia2

  • 1Colorado State University, Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Department, 1681 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.

International journal of industrial ergonomics
|August 4, 2023
PubMed
概括

应变指数 (SI) 和职业重复行为 (OCRA) 检查清单是评估工作场所危险的有效人体工程学工具. 这两种方法都为奶酪制造任务提供了相似的风险等级,有助于职业健康专业人员.

关键词:
人体工程学就是人体工程学.方法学可靠性 方法学可靠性物理暴露评估 物理暴露评估半定量方法 半定量方法

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科学领域:

  • 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
  • 人体工程学就是人体工程学.
  • 工业卫生 工业卫生

背景情况:

  • 人体工程学风险评估对于在工作场所预防上肢伤害至关重要.
  • 应变指数 (SI) 和职业重复性行为 (OCRA) 检查清单是评估物理暴露的广泛使用的方法.
  • 通过比较这些方法,可以了解它们在各种工业环境中的适用性和有效性.

研究的目的:

  • 为了比较应变指数 (SI) 和职业重复行为 (OCRA) 检查清单在评估人体工程学风险方面的有效性.
  • 评估特定工业任务的SI和OCRA检查清单提供的风险分类的一致性和差异.

主要方法:

  • 七名评级人员使用SI和OCRA检查清单评估了21个奶酪制造任务.
  • 评估了对上肢的任务级物理暴露.
  • 两种评估方法之间的风险分类进行了比较.

主要成果:

  • 近一半 (49.1%) 的任务被OCRA检查清单归类为危险,而60.2%被SI归类为危险.
  • 尽管结构不同,但这两种方法经常将工作任务放在类似的风险类别中.
  • 分类的差异与可变的定义和任务复杂性有关,SI专注于远端上肢,OCRA专注于整个上肢.

结论:

  • SI和OCRA检查清单都是对职业健康方面的人体工程学风险评估有价值的工具.
  • 评估方法的选择应与正在评估的工业任务的具体目的和复杂性保持一致.
  • 对于奶酪加工任务,SI和OCRA检查清单都产生了可比的风险评估等级.