评估飞机与机场周围区域的障碍物之间的碰撞风险
Laura Moretti1, Raducu Dinu1, Paola Di Mascio1
1Department of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Rome, Italy.
Heliyon
|August 4, 2023
概括
这项研究量化了机场附近障碍物造成的飞机碰撞风险. 穿过障碍物限制面 (OLS) 的建筑物和塔柱构成最大的危险,需要对航空航行安全进行仔细的风险评估.
科学领域:
- 航空安全航空安全.
- 航空航天工程是航空航天工程.
- 风险评估 风险评估 风险评估
背景情况:
- 机场基础设施的使用受地形和周围的人造结构的影响.
- 靠近机场的物体,特别是那些穿透障碍物限制面 (OLS) 的物体,对空中航行构成重大风险.
- 现有的文献缺乏用于量化飞机与障碍物碰撞风险的标准化程序.
研究的目的:
- 开发和实施一种方法来量化飞机与空域中的障碍物碰撞的风险.
- 确定哪些类型的障碍物和哪些障碍物限制面 (OLS) 具有最高的碰撞风险.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种新的风险评估方法,包括障碍类型,并检查了OLS.
- 风险值和放大因子是从与航空技术人员的专家采访中得出的.
- 该方法应用于一个现有机场,该机场有589个已识别的穿透障碍.
主要成果:
- 该研究发现,69.8%的分析障碍物具有可以忽略的碰撞风险.
- 一小部分 (3.7%) 的障碍被确定需要航空当局进一步进行详细分析.
- 穿透过渡表面的建筑物和塔柱被确定为最危险的障碍物.
结论:
- 开发的方法有效量化了飞机与障碍物碰撞的风险.
- 与OLS相对的障碍物类型和位置是确定碰撞风险的关键因素.
- 有针对性的风险评估和管理对于确保航空航行安全至关重要,特别是在过渡面附近的建筑物和塔楼等结构.
相关概念视频
Elastic Collisions: Case Study
14.2K
Elastic collision of a system demands conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy. To solve problems involving one-dimensional elastic collisions between two objects, the equations for conservation of momentum and conservation of internal kinetic energy can be used. For the two objects, the sum of momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after the collision. An elastic collision conserves internal kinetic energy, and so the sum of kinetic energies before the collision equals...
14.2K
Types of Collisions - II
7.9K
When two or more objects collide with each other, they can stick together to form one single composite object (after collision). The total mass of the object after the collision is the sum of the masses of the original objects, and it moves with a velocity dictated by the conservation of momentum. Although the system's total momentum remains constant, the kinetic energy decreases, and thus such a collision is an inelastic collision. Most of the collisions between objects in daily life are...
7.9K
Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving
4.3K
In multiple dimensions, the conservation of momentum applies in each direction independently. Hence, to solve collisions in multiple dimensions, we should write down the momentum conservation in each direction separately. To help understand collisions in multiple dimensions, consider an example.
A small car of mass 1,200 kg traveling east at 60 km/h collides at an intersection with a truck of mass 3,000 kg traveling due north at 40 km/h. The two vehicles are locked together. What is the...
A small car of mass 1,200 kg traveling east at 60 km/h collides at an intersection with a truck of mass 3,000 kg traveling due north at 40 km/h. The two vehicles are locked together. What is the...
4.3K
Types Of Collisions - I
7.4K
When two objects come in direct contact with each other, it is called a collision. During a collision, two or more objects exert forces on each other in a relatively short amount of time. A collision can be categorized as either an elastic or inelastic collision. If two or more objects approach each other, collide and then bounce off, moving away from each other with the same relative speed at which they approached each other, the total kinetic energy of the system is said to be conserved. This...
7.4K
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance
114
Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
114
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
71
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
71


