法国职业暴露于粉尘:一个持续的担忧
Laurène Delabre1, Marie-Tülin Houot, Adrianna Burtin
1Santé publique France, The French Public Health Agency, 12 rue du val d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice, France. laurene.delabre@santepubliquefrance.fr.
Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health
|August 4, 2023
概括
在法国,2017年,4%的工人或9.7万5千人暴露在粉中,主要是在建筑行业. 这种持续的职业健康风险凸显了持续监测粉暴露的必要性.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 暴露于晶体二氧化是一种长期存在的职业危险,尤其在建筑材料中普遍存在.
- 近年来,新兴的暴露环境和2021年法国对可呼吸的晶体二氧化作为致癌物进行了分类.
- 了解历史和当前的暴露水平对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估从1947年到2020年在法国劳动力中对可呼吸的晶体二氧化 (二氧化灰尘) 的职业暴露.
- 为Matgéné计划开发和使用一个位暴露矩阵 (JEM) 来量化暴露.
- 描述按性别和行业的粉暴露趋势.
主要方法:
- 为Matgéné计划开发了一个位暴露矩阵 (JEM).
- 该JEM与法国人口普查 (1982,1990,1999,2007年,2017年) 的职业数据相结合.
- 根据性别和行业,估计和分析了2017年暴露于粉的工人的比例和数量.
主要成果:
- 暴露于粉尘的工人的比例在1982年至1999年期间下降后,2017年稳定在4% (975,000名工人).
- 暴露的工人主要是男性 (93%),集中在建筑行业 (64%).
- 建筑行业也是法国8小时时间加权平均职业暴露限值 (TWA-OEL) 以上暴露的工人比例最高的行业.
结论:
- 相当数量的法国工人仍然暴露在粉中,有些水平很高,造成了持续的职业健康问题.
- 该研究为持续监测粉暴露趋势提供了必要的数据.
- 未来的分析将量化2021年法国法规对粉暴露水平的影响.
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