在接受维持性脏替代疗法的患者中接种COVID-19疫苗:免疫反应,现实世界的有效性以及对未来的影响
Nadine Rouphael1, Mary Bausch-Jurken2
1Divison of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
The Journal of infectious diseases
|August 4, 2023
概括
透析患者患重症COVID-19的风险更高. 本审查审查了mRNA疫苗的有效性,包括3剂量初级系列和第四剂量,在这个脆弱的人群中.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 影响全球超过8亿人,往往导致需要透析的末期病.
- 透析患者面临严重呼吸道感染的风险增加,包括COVID-19.
- 许多透析患者由于潜在的疾病或治疗而免疫受损.
研究的目的:
- 审查COVID-19 mRNA疫苗接种在透析患者中的免疫性和现实世界结果.
- 在这个人群中评估扩展的初级疫苗接种系列 (3剂) 和额外的 (4剂) 疫苗的有效性.
主要方法:
- 关于COVID-19 mRNA疫苗在透析患者中的免疫性最近研究的综述.
- 对疫苗有效性,住院和死亡率的真实世界数据的分析.
- 专注于3剂量初级系列和额外的助推剂量后的结果.
主要成果:
- 与健康人相比,mRNA COVID-19 疫苗在透析患者中引起了较低的免疫反应.
- 透析患者的免疫反应在接种疫苗后会更快地减弱.
- 透析患者的COVID-19住院和死亡风险增加了4至8倍.
结论:
- 尽管免疫性降低,但COVID-19疫苗接种对于透析患者至关重要,因为他们的风险很高.
- 扩展的初级系列和额外的剂量可能是必要的,以提高在这个人群的保护.
- 需要进一步的研究,以优化免疫功能低下的透析患者的疫苗接种策略.
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