人力资本,教育不平等和收入不平等之间的非线性联系,来自中国的证据
Mo Xu1, Shifeng Chen2, Jian Chen3
1Faculty of Finance, City University of Macau, Macau, China.
PloS one
|August 4, 2023
概括
高等教育减少了中国的收入不平等,而对教育的不利冲击增加了收入不平等. 该研究证实了高等教育与教育不平等之间的反向U形关系,并提出了减轻收入差距的战略.
科学领域:
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 教育政策 教育政策
背景情况:
- 收入不平等和教育不平等是中国的关键问题.
- 了解人力资本和收入分配之间的动态关系对于决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析中国人力资本,教育不平等和收入不平等之间的短期和长期不对称性 (1975-2020).
- 调查中等教育 (SSE) 和高等教育 (HE) 对收入不平等的影响.
- 检查教育不平等,经济增长,物质资本和收入不平等之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 非线性自回归分布式滞后 (NARDL) 模型应用于1975-2020年中国数据.
- 对长期不对称性参数的分析,以了解冲击影响.
- 测试高等教育和教育不平等的反转U形库兹涅茨曲线假设.
主要成果:
- 从长远来看,中等和高等教育中的积极冲击与收入吉尼系数有负相关.
- 高等教育中的不利冲击显著刺激收入不平等;中等教育的影响并不显著.
- 教育不平等和经济增长对收入不平等有显著的长期影响.
- 从长远来看,物质资本库存会对收入不平等产生负面影响.
- 高等教育最初增加,然后减少教育不平等,支持反转的U形库兹涅茨曲线.
结论:
- 高等教育可以通过促进教育公平来减轻收入不平等的战略工具.
- 政策应侧重于公平获得高等教育,以减少收入差距.
- 解决教育不平等问题对于管理收入不平等和促进可持续经济增长至关重要.
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