在共同分析古代DNA和来自私人遗传数据库的数据时,需要考虑道德问题.
Éadaoin Harney1, Kendra Sirak2, Jakob Sedig2
123andMe, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94043, USA; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
American journal of human genetics
|August 4, 2023
概括
古代DNA研究现在可以确定历史和现存个体之间的遗传联系. 与直接面向消费者的基因测试公司的合作为发现祖先联系提供了独特的机会,但需要仔细考虑道德问题.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 遗传学的伦理,法律和社会影响 (ELSI)
背景情况:
- 古代DNA (aDNA) 研究越来越多地旨在识别历史和当代人口之间共享的DNA段.
- 大型遗传数据库,比如来自直接向消费者提供遗传测试 (DTC-GT) 公司的数据库,对于检测罕见的遗传联系至关重要.
- 研究人员与公司合作的伦理框架是需要解决数据共享,可重复性和参与者返回结果的问题.
研究的目的:
- 探索使用大型DTC-GT数据库进行古代DNA研究的伦理考虑和实用性.
- 描述一项研究的设计和执行,通过遗传数据将历史上的非裔美国人与现存个人联系起来.
- 为未来的研究提供洞察力,以导航类似的合作和道德挑战.
主要方法:
- 利用大型DTC-GT数据库进行DNA分析,以确定历史人物的遗传亲属.
- 在Catoctin Furnace和DTC-GT参与者之间设计了一项研究,以寻找18世纪和19世纪的非洲裔美国人之间的遗传联系.
- 专注于伦理考虑,包括数据共享,可复制性和将遗传发现返回给参与者.
主要成果:
- 证明了使用DTC-GT数据来发现历史和现存种群之间的遗传联系的可行性.
- 确定了历史个体的潜在近亲遗传亲属,使得失去的祖先信息可以恢复.
- 强调了管理敏感遗传数据和研究合作的伦理准则的重要性.
结论:
- aDNA研究人员和DTC-GT公司之间的合作为家谱发现和历史理解提供了重大机会.
- 谨慎的伦理规划对于导航数据隐私,可复制性和对遗传发现的负责任归还至关重要.
- 这项研究有助于关于整合历史和遗传数据以重新连接家庭和社区的最佳实践的持续对话.
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