五个额外的基于证据的原则,以促进发展性语言障碍儿童的语法发展
Lizbeth H Finestack1, Elizabeth Ancel1, HaeJi Lee1
1Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis.
American journal of speech-language pathology
|August 4, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了五项新的原则,以改善发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童的语法语言干预. 这些原则增强了上下文选择,听觉轰炸和明确指令,以更好地发展语法.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 语音语言病理学 语音语言病理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童经常与语法形式的发展扎.
- 语言干预经常针对支持DLD儿童的语法语言使用.
研究的目的:
- 提出五项额外的原则,以促进DLD儿童的语法形式发展.
- 加强现有的语言干预策略,用于DLD.
主要方法:
- 经验证据和理论动机支持这五个原则.
- 原则整合到20-30分钟的干预会议为4-8岁的DLD.
- 会议包括模仿句子,重述故事,结构化的游戏和听觉轰炸.
主要成果:
- 语言的多样性,不同的语境难度和不同的语法结构支持语法形式的发展.
- 听觉轰炸和明确指令是有效的干预组件.
- 这些原则适用于各种语法形式和简短的干预会议.
结论:
- 五个额外的原则增强了DLD的语法语言干预.
- 这些原则可以整合到单个干预会议中,并进行多种活动.
相关概念视频
01:22Language Development
395
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
395
01:27Language and Cognition
375
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
375
01:24Components of Language
318
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
318
01:25Learning Disabilities
215
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
215
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
161
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
161
01:21The Nativist Approach
89
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
89