佩戴不同口罩对声学,空气动力学和形态参数的影响
Yongxiang Gao1, Yan Feng2, Di Wu3
1Department of Hearing and Language Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation
|August 4, 2023
概括
佩戴N95口罩显著影响语音声学,改变基本频率 (F0) 和噪声与声比率 (HNR). 手术口罩没有显示出任何显著的声乐变化,这表明N95由于其设计更多地影响了发声.
科学领域:
- 语音和听力科学 语言和听力科学
- 声学分析 声学分析
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 戴口罩很普遍,但它对语音产生的影响尚未完全理解.
- 声学和空气动力学语音参数对于评估声功能至关重要.
- 不同的口罩设计可能对声道和空气流产生不同的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究手术用,头戴N95口罩和耳戴N95口罩对健康个体语音参数的影响.
- 为了比较不同类型的口罩引起的声音变化.
主要方法:
- 30名健康参与者 (15名男性,15名女性) 在四个条件下进行了语音评估:没有口罩,手术口罩,头部安装N95口罩和耳部安装N95口罩.
- 测量了声学参数 (平均F0,强度,动,闪,NHR),空气动力学参数 (MPT) 和形成参数 (元音 /a/, /i/, /u/ 的F1,F2).
- 在戴着口罩的参与者身上进行了语音录音.
主要成果:
- 头部安装的N95口罩显著增加了最大声调时间 (MPT),平均基本频率 (F0) 和平均噪声与声调比 (NHR),同时降低了F1.
- 安装在耳朵上的N95口罩显著增加了平均F0和平均HNR.
- 手术口罩在任何测量语音参数中都没有产生显著变化.
结论:
- N95口罩,特别是头戴式口罩,明显会比手术口罩更多地改变语音声学和空气动力学.
- 通过头部安装N95口罩观察到的/a/F1的减少可能与部的移动性受限有关.
- 外科口罩似乎对健康个体的声音参数的影响很小.
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