不同类型的细胞死亡及其在塑造疾病中的转变
Sikou Shen1, Yina Shao1, Chenghua Li2,3
1State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China.
Cell death discovery
|August 4, 2023
概括
细胞死亡对发育和健康至关重要,涉及复杂的编程途径,如亡和亡. 了解细胞死亡转化是未来疾病治疗的关键.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 细胞死亡是胚胎发育,器官稳态和免疫功能必不可少的基本生理过程.
- 最近的进展已经阐明了编程细胞死亡 (PCD) 类型的关键基因和机制,包括亡,亡,自和热.
- 然而,不同细胞死亡模式之间的相互作用和转化仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 要突出控制细胞存活和各种细胞死亡途径之间的平衡的复杂机制.
- 强调那些决定细胞命运的复杂的调控网络.
- 为了解细胞死亡途径可塑性与疾病治疗之间的联系提供理论框架.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和关于细胞死亡机制的当前研究的综合.
- 对关键调节基因和参与编程细胞死亡的信号通路的分析.
- 细胞死亡模式转换的概念框架开发.
主要成果:
- 编程细胞死亡包括多样化,相互连接的途径 (亡,亡,自,烧亡).
- 细胞存活和死亡之间的平衡是由复杂的分子参与者动态调节的.
- 细胞死亡模式之间的相互转换代表了细胞命运决定的关键,但尚未研究的方面.
结论:
- 在了解单个细胞死亡途径方面取得了重大进展,但它们的动态相互作用需要进一步研究.
- 阐明细胞死亡转化机制为各种疾病的未来治疗策略提供了有希望的途径.
- 对细胞死亡复杂的调控网络的进一步研究可能会产生令人兴奋的发现和新的治疗方法.
相关概念视频
01:30Overview of Cell Death
7.4K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
7.4K
01:16Necrosis
4.6K
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
4.6K
01:30Apoptosis
11.6K
Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
11.6K
01:18Autophagic Cell Death
3.5K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
3.5K
01:17The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.5K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
6.5K
01:24Caspases
12.6K
Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside...
12.6K