3D细胞分离的几何和动态是由组织表面张力调节的规范
Elod Méhes1, Enys Mones1, Máté Varga2
1Department of Biological Physics, ELTE Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary.
Communications biology
|August 4, 2023
概括
不同的细胞粘附和收缩力驱动组织分离. 抑制actomyosin收缩性延迟了这一过程,为组织工程应用提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 组织形态发生依赖于细胞类型分离.
- 不同的细胞-细胞粘附和actomyosin收缩性产生组织表面张力,驱动分离.
- 了解这些力量对于发育过程和组织工程至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用脊椎动物和斑马鱼原生细胞,研究actomyosin收缩性在3D异型细胞分离中的作用.
- 在变化的收缩性下对细胞分离的动态进行定量分析.
- 探索调节组织表面张力的潜力,用于组织工程.
主要方法:
- 使用3D时间间隔显微镜进行定量动态分析.
- 采用Rho激酶抑制剂Y27632以全球抑制actomyosin收缩性.
- 使用S100A4作为肌酸酶组合抑制剂,并表达了构成性活性Rho激酶异型,用于细胞类型特定或全球收缩性调节.
主要成果:
- 通过Y27632显著延迟细胞分离,对actomyosin收缩性的一般抑制.
- 细胞类型特异性抑制非肌肉肌素2活性降低了组织表面张力,导致紧缩减少和分离几何变化.
- 保持高的actomyosin收缩性普遍破坏了正常的分离模式.
结论:
- 阿克托米奥辛收缩性是细胞张力和组织分离动态的关键调节者.
- 通过收缩性控制调节组织表面张力为组织工程应用提供了一个有希望的途径.
- 精确调节细胞收缩性对于适当的组织形态发生是必不可少的.
相关概念视频
Cell Motility through Blebbing
1.9K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
1.9K
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
2.7K
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
2.7K
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
4.8K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
4.8K
Determining the Plane of Cell Division
3.4K
Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function.
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division...
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division...
3.4K
Cell Migration
4.9K
Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
4.9K


