神经发育风险和适应作为内化和外化障碍之间的并发症模型:基因组学和细胞特异性表达丰富的形态测量研究
Nanyu Kuang1,2, Zhaowen Liu3, Gechang Yu1,2
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
BMC medicine
|August 4, 2023
概括
儿童精神障碍往往同时发生. 这项研究发现,并发性内部化和外部化障碍导致皮质表面积的较大减少,这表明附加效应,但对皮质厚度的非线性影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 儿童和青少年精神障碍的并发症是常见的,但不太了解.
- 共同疾病背后的神经机制尚不清楚.
- 预测并发症的发生是一个重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否共发性内化和外化障碍对皮层的解剖差异有附加效应.
- 为了确定与共发病相关的皮质差异是否具有明显的遗传基础.
主要方法:
- 从青少年大脑和认知发展研究中对11,878名青春期前 (9-10岁) 青少年的皮质表面积 (SA) 和皮质厚度 (CT) 进行分析.
- 使用线性混合模型进行跨诊断组的比较和关联分析 (内部化,外部化,并发症,健康对照).
- 全基因组关联分析 (GWAS) 和细胞类型特异性分析对4468名非相关的欧洲参与者.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患者组显示皮质SA较小,CT较高.
- 同病性内化和外化障碍表现出更明显的SA减少 (附加效应).
- 皮层厚度显示出非线性效应:并发症组没有显著的CT差异,而非并发症患者的CT比对照组高.
- 涉及不同的生物途径:CT差异与免疫过程 (星细胞,寡细胞) 相关,SA差异与抑制神经元相关.
结论:
- 心理病理学中的并发症不太可能仅仅是由于附加的神经生物学效应.
- 独特的发育风险,与免疫相关的适应以及独特的遗传/细胞特异性因素有助于SA和CT的差异.
- 具有高风险和低弹性的儿童,体现在大脑形态学上,可能会发展出并发性疾病模式.
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