在拉丁美洲实施基于社区的残疾人包容性发展:对优先需求和经验教训的混合方法视角
Andreas Bachfischer1, Martha Cecilia Barbosa2, Angel Alberto Riveras Rojas2
1Department of General Practice, Institut Für Allgemeinmedizin, University Hospital Würzburg, Haus D7, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany. andreas.bachfischer@stud-mail.uni-wuerzburg.de.
International journal for equity in health
|August 4, 2023
概括
基于社区的包容性发展 (CBID) 项目解决了拉丁美洲残疾人的关键需求. 成功实施需要适当的上下文化和现场支持,以实现可持续的影响.
科学领域:
- 关于残疾人的研究.
- 社区发展 社区发展
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 缺乏关于残疾人需求的研究导致计划不足.
- 基于社区的包容性发展 (CBID) 旨在促进权利,但需要高度的社区参与.
- 本研究确定了在拉丁美洲成功实施CBID的优先需求和经验教训.
研究的目的:
- 确定拉丁美洲社区残疾人的优先需求.
- 记录有效实施社区基础包容性发展 (CBID) 项目所吸取的经验教训.
- 评估社区参与CBID倡议的程度.
主要方法:
- 连续混合方法设计,包括对基线数据和焦点小组讨论 (FGD) 的回顾性分析.
- 调查数据的定量描述性和群体间分析.
- 通过蜘蛛图,对FGD进行定性主题分析,评估项目影响,促进者,障碍物和社区参与.
主要成果:
- 确定的重大需求包括低识字率,有限的医疗保健准入,高失业率 (87.9%) 和住房不足 (57.8%).
- FGD揭示了卫生,教育,生计,社会和赋权领域的需求.
- 观察到社区参与率高 (平均4.0/5),但在巴西和玻利维亚较低;促进者包括领导和网络,而障碍物包括不良的上下文化和与大流行有关的问题.
结论:
- 残疾人在各个领域都面临着持续的,重大需求.
- 基于社区的包容性发展 (CBID) 证明了积极变革的潜力.
- 确保适当的上下文化和现场支持对于成功的CBID项目成果至关重要.
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