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一种植物性传染性支气管炎病毒样颗粒疫苗在特定无病原体的有效性
Kamogelo M Sepotokele1, Martha M O'Kennedy2, Michaela C Hayes1
1Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Poultry science
|August 5, 2023
概括
一种新的植物产生的类似病毒粒子 (VLP) 疫苗有效地保护免受传染性支气管炎病毒 (IBV) 变种的侵害. 这种更安全,更实惠的疫苗为控制IBV提供了对传统活体减弱疫苗有希望的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 植物生物技术 植物生物技术
- 疫苗开发 疫苗开发
背景情况:
- 传染性支气管炎病毒 (IBV) 在全球范围内引起的严重呼吸系统疾病.
- 高IBV突变率导致变种,限制了当前疫苗的保护.
- 现有的疫苗对各种IBV菌株提供了不足的保护.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种用于感染性支气管炎 (IB) 的新型疫苗,使用植物性病毒样颗粒 (VLPs).
- 为了评估植物生产的VLP疫苗表达修改IBV尖峰 (S) 蛋白对QX类IB变异的疗效.
- 为了比较植物生产的IB VLP与常规疫苗的安全性,可负担性和适应性.
主要方法:
- 在Nicotiana benthamiana (烟草) 植物中产生IBV VLPs.
- 用植物生产的VLP疫苗对进行疫苗接种,这种VLP表达了一种修饰的全长IBV S蛋白.
- 挑战性研究使用同源的活IBQX类病毒来评估疫苗的疗效.
- 测量S蛋白特异性抗体标位,病毒分泌和气管静止.
主要成果:
- 用VLP接种疫苗的鸟类产生了与活体接种疫苗的鸟类相比的S蛋白特异抗体标位 (平均几何标位分别为6.8和7.2log2).
- 与未接种疫苗的对照人群相比,VLP疫苗接种显著减少了口腔喉和喉病毒分泌.
- 与活体疫苗接种的鸟类相比,植物生产的VLP疫苗接种的鸟类对气管静止的保护得到了增强.
结论:
- 工厂生产的IB VLPs是控制IBV的安全,经济高效,易于更新的替代方案.
- 与活疫苗相比,这种VLP疫苗表现出可比的免疫性和对挑战的优越保护.
- 基于植物的VLP技术为开发下一代IBV疫苗提供了一个有前途的平台,该疫苗能够适应新兴变种.
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