全球河流中微塑料污染的发生:分布的驱动因素和生态风险评估

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Yanping Tan¹, Jiangyu Dai², Shuwen Xiao³

¹College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625000, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.

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|August 5, 2023

概括

全球河流面临广泛的微塑料 (MP) 污染. 这项研究揭示了MP的分布,驱动因素和生态风险,为更好的污染管理策略提供了见解.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
生态毒理学生态毒理学
污染研究污染研究

背景情况:

微塑料 (MP) 是河流中普遍存在的全球污染物,但它们在全球的存在,驱动因素和生态风险仍然不太清楚.
了解MP的空间和时间分布及其特征对于评估环境影响至关重要.

研究的目的:

从现有文献中构建一个全球微塑料数据集,以分析MP分布,特征和全球河流中的生态风险.
开发一个新的框架来评估MP生态风险和影响其分布的因素的相互作用效应.

主要方法:

从63篇文章中编制了一个全球微塑料数据集,其中包括862个水和445个沉积物样本.
分析了河流中MP的数量,形态特征和多样性.
开发了一个框架来评估生态风险和MP分布的驱动因素.

主要成果:

在全球河水和沉积物中,MP的丰度分别在10和4个数量级上有所不同.
MP多样性指数与环境媒介中的污染源具有积极的相关性.
在人口密,中低收入亚洲国家,更高的MP多样性表明了复杂的污染源. 超过一半的河流面临着潜在的MP生态风险.

结论:

影响河流MP分布的关键因素在水和沉积物之间有很大差异.
微塑料污染对全球一半以上的河流构成潜在的生态风险,观察到局部的急性风险.
结果为开发有效的科学战略提供了关键的见解,用于管理河流微塑料污染.

关键词:

驱动因素驱动因素微塑料多样性指数微塑料多样性指数风险评估风险评估风险评估河流河流河流河流

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