将欲望与预测结果的价值分开
1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Trends in cognitive sciences
|August 5, 2023
概括
动机的"愿望"可以取代负面的记忆和预测,导致对不喜欢或有害的结果的渴望. 这就解释了渴望如何发生,即使没有预期的快乐,就像在成中看到的.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 欲望通常是由积极的记忆和预测引导的.
- 然而,欲望有时会脱离这些学会的关联.
- 这种脱关系与激励激励突出性的独立机制有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了证明动机"想要"如何可以超过基于记忆的结果价值预测.
- 探索激励突出性的概念及其在欲望中的作用.
- 给出一些"想要"看似厌恶的结果的例子.
主要方法:
- 该研究提出了两个原则证明示例.
- 这些例子说明了"想要"压倒性的负面预测或记忆.
- 研究重点是激励突出性的独立运行规则.
主要成果:
- 动机性"想要"可以导致人们渴望被记住为令人厌恶的结果.
- "想要"也可以发生在预测会造成伤害的结果中.
- 即使是负面的厌恶结果也可以成为积极的"想要的".
结论:
- 激励的突出性,或"想要",独立于预测和记忆运作.
- 这种独立性可能导致不适应性行为,如成.
- 了解这种机制对于解决欲望与预测价值脱的情况至关重要.
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