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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence01:23

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Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
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π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

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An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
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Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

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Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F&#8722;
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四维电子能量损失光谱四维电子能量损失光谱

Mei Wu1, Ruochen Shi1, Ruishi Qi2

  • 1International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Ultramicroscopy
|August 6, 2023
PubMed
概括

四维电子能量损失光谱 (4D-EELS) 使用先进的扫描传输电子显微镜来实现纳米级分辨率. 这种技术可以详细地绘制局部分散和物理性质,从而推动材料科学研究.

关键词:
缺陷散射是指缺陷的散射.四维电子能量损失光谱学 (4D-EELS)波分散的波分散.扫描传输电子显微镜 (STEM) 的使用

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 频谱学是一种光谱学.
  • 电子显微镜电子显微镜

背景情况:

  • 扫描传输电子显微镜 (STEM) 的近期进展导致了具有高连贯性和单色度的原子级电子探针.
  • 这些探测器使纳米级空间分辨率,meV能量分辨率,在电子能量损失光谱学 (EELS) 中足够的动量分辨率.
  • 四维EELS (4D-EELS) 通过记录具有特定动量选择和空间扫描的数据集来利用这些功能.

研究的目的:

  • 介绍 4D-EELS 技术的基本原则.
  • 展示4D-EELS在材料表征中的多种应用.
  • 要突出4D-EELS在纳米尺度物理性质探测方面的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 在STEM中使用原子尺度的聚焦,连贯和单色电子探针.
  • 通过选择特定的动量方向和在两个空间维度中扫描光束来记录4D-EELS数据集.
  • 使用不同时刻的光谱数据的数学组合进行高级分析.

主要成果:

  • 获取并行分散数据到格子振动尺度.
  • 为特定的动量转移和能量损失绘制EELS光谱特征的真实空间变化.
  • 从4D数据集中获得高效可靠的电子磁循环二元化 (EMCD) 信号的演示.

结论:

  • 4D-EELS技术为纳米尺度表征提供了前所未有的机会.
  • 它可以研究局部不均的散射过程及其对材料性能的影响.
  • 这种方法为在纳米尺度上探测局部分散和相关物理现象提供了新的途径.