大小是否重要? 在热浪期间模拟大城市绿色基础设施的冷却效应
Mikhail Varentsov1, Viacheslav Vasenev2, Yury Dvornikov3
1Research Computing Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Hydrometeorological Research Center, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Moscow, Russia.
The Science of the total environment
|August 6, 2023
概括
大型城市绿色基础设施 (UGIs) 在热浪期间提供了显著的冷却,但中型的UGI影响更多的人. 城市气候适应的规模和位置对于有效的城市气候适应至关重要.
科学领域:
- 城市气候学 城市气候学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 城市生态系统面临着日益严重的气候变化脆弱性.
- 城市绿色基础设施 (UGIs) 是气候适应的关键基于自然的解决方案.
- 图形界面的冷却效应受到大小,位置和几何学的影响,这些因素往往被忽视.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究极端热浪期间不同尺寸的UGI的冷却效应.
- 评估UGI在当地,非当地和全市范围内的冷却影响.
- 了解莫斯科的UGI大小和冷却效率之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用数值中气候模型COSMO进行模拟.
- 根据面积分类UGI成四个大小类 (S,M,L,XL).
- 对现实土地覆盖的模型结果进行了比较,模拟用建成区域取代UGI.
主要成果:
- XL UGIs将局部空气温度降低了高达3.4°C,而S UGIs则降低了高达2°C.
- 在不同尺度上,XL UGIs显示了比S UGIs更高的冷却效率 (23-90%).
- 与受影响人口相比,中等 (M) 尺寸的UGI提供了最显著的冷却影响.
结论:
- UGI的大小是确定冷却效率和影响规模的关键因素.
- 虽然较大的UGI提供了更大的冷却潜力,但它们的偏远性限制了人口的好处.
- 优化城市热岛规模和分布对于有效的城市热岛减缓和气候适应至关重要.
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