能说多种语言可以帮助预防阿尔茨海默病吗?
1Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, and Neurology Service, Neurobehavior Unit, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|August 7, 2023
概括
经常说多种语言可能会将阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 症状的出现推迟4-5年. 虽然不能预防AD神经病理,但双语增强了认知储备,可能影响终身发病率.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是老年人中普遍存在的一种神经认知障碍.
- 有限的药理疗法需要识别AD弹性可修改的风险因素.
- 双语被假设通过执行控制机制来增加认知储备.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合关于双语与阿尔茨海默病之间的关系的文献.
- 检查管理多种语言如何影响认知储备和大脑维护.
- 评估双语延迟阿尔茨海默病的临床表现的证据.
主要方法:
- 对现有关于双语和AD的研究进行系统审查.
- 分析混因素,如第二语言学习年龄,熟练程度和使用情况.
- 检查评估AD发病率与症状发病年龄的研究.
主要成果:
- 大多数研究表明,双语与前额执行力储备的增加有关.
- 这种增强的储备似乎弥补了AD的神经病理,延迟了大约4-5年的症状出现.
- 双语不会防止AD神经病理,但会延迟其临床表现.
结论:
- 定期使用两个或两个以上的语言可能是延迟阿尔茨海默病临床发病的重要可修改因素.
- 由于双语而导致症状表现的延迟可能对减少与阿尔茨海默病相关的终身发病率产生重大影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决研究中的方法不一致的问题.
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