构造语言是通过与自然语言相同的大脑机制来处理的
Saima Malik-Moraleda1,2,3, Maya Taliaferro1,2, Steve Shannon2
1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|August 7, 2023
概括
了解构造的语言 (conlangs) 涉及与自然语言理解相同的大脑区域. 这表明对应语言和自然语言共有由专门的神经机制处理的基本符号性质.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 自然语言处理依赖于专门的大脑机制.
- 目前尚不清楚构造语言 (conlangs) 是否与自然语言招募相同的神经通路.
- 相关语言可能与数学或编程语言而不是自然语言形成模式.
研究的目的:
- 调查 conlangs 是否使用与自然语言相同的神经机制.
- 为了确定 conlangs 是否被大脑的语言网络或其他认知领域处理.
主要方法:
- 使用了个体受试者的功能磁共振成像 (fMRI).
- 参与者的大脑活动被测量,而他们处理 conlangs.
- 分析了fMRI数据,以识别自然和构造语言理解的重叠神经基质.
主要成果:
- 了解对应语言始终激活了与自然语言理解相同的大脑区域.
- 这一发现在多种对应语中观察到,包括埃斯佩兰托语,克林贡语,纳维语,高瓦利里语和多特拉基语.
- 对于对应语言的神经招募与自然语言处理没有显著差异.
结论:
- 关联语言和自然语言具有共同的关键特征,这些特征涉及到共同的神经表征和计算.
- 连词的特定特征 (例如,起源,发言人数,学习年龄) 不会改变它们对大脑语言网络的依赖.
- 双语和自然语言都作为表达意义的象征系统,利用共享的认知和神经架构.
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